Image

 

An interesting book all around, and one that is needed by the communities (both online and off) as the Internet takes more and more of the chores of a mundane ministry off the shoulders of the High Priest and High Priestess.

The Internet is touching more and more people these days, what used to be the exclusive playground of the young and open minded is now seeing oldsters and grandparents putting up home pages, and even those who are technophobic have an e-mail address. It’s becoming almost required these days to have your business cards list your e-mail address as well as your phone number and pager number.

So how do we Pagans fit into this format? Considering that online religion and belief sharing was almost coincidental with the opening of the Internet, we fit in rather well. There are all kinds of groups getting together and sharing their stories, teaching and giving advice, researching and discovering knowledge, as well as making attachments and connections between bits of knowledge thanks to the Internet.

So, what if the next logical step is to take the lessons that the High Priestess has been sharing on to a new group of Wiccans and Pagans? What then? Take it to the Internet. Thankfully this is not the first time this has happened, and it will not be the last. However, Lisa compiles her coven’s and her personal experience with having a “cyber coven” of this sort and shares it with the reader.

It is not a simple road by any stretch, it is a task that will try the soul in a lot of ways, and ensure that the most dynamic group of people possible will find each other. What’s better is that this dynamic group of people don’t even have to be in the same country to work together. People from all over the world can come together in the online coven or community, talk about what is happening and do magickal working as well as celebratory rituals online.

This is a good book, and a needed one. Lisa shares her experiences somewhat dryly, but that is her personal style of writing. At times I found it confusing as to what she was talking about, a cyber coven or a physical coven meeting in someone’s backyard. I guess it goes to show that this advice can apply equally to either group. There is advice in there for the physical coven, and I do think that she should expand one section in her future editions, the section where she discusses the physical coven having a satellite coven or a training group in cyberspace, along with a webpage or site.

I think that this would be a good edition to the library of anyone who is considering having a group that is more than a discussion group. List moderators, teachers giving online lessons, even the prospective HPS would be advised to pick up a copy when they can. A lot of the advice can be found out through trail and error, experience and intuition, but for structured groups who will be online, or the group who will ONLY exist online this book would be well worth the price. I give this 4 stars out of 5. I would suggest that there be an “E-book” copy of this and possibly a virtual update site or document so that future editions don’t have to be printed again. But I know that there are many who want to hold the material in their hands when going through it.

~review by Daven

Author: Lisa McSherry
Red Wheel/Weiser, 2002

$14.95

 

please see our other review for this book .

34.677MBMemory Usage741msRequest Duration
Joomla! Version4.4.8
PHP Version8.3.21
Identityguest
Response200
Templatert_ambrosia
Database
Server
mysql
Version
10.6.22-MariaDB
Collation
latin1_swedish_ci
Conn Collation
utf8mb4_general_ci
$_GET
[]
$_POST
[]
$_SESSION
array:1 [ "joomla" => "***redacted***" ]
$_COOKIE
[]
$_SERVER
array:49 [ "USER" => "facingnorth" "HOME" => "/home/facingnorth" "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/index.php"...
session
array:3 [ "counter" => 1 "timer" => array:3 [ "start" => 1747539760 "last" => 1747539760...
registry
array:3 [ "data" => [] "initialized" => false "separator" => "." ]
user
array:18 [ "id" => 0 "name" => null "username" => null "email" => null "password" => "***r...
  • afterLoad (458.66KB) (1.42ms)
  • afterInitialise (809.82KB) (14.58ms)
  • afterRoute (544.34KB) (9.9ms)
  • beforeRenderComponent com_content (34.19KB) (949μs)
  • Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.46KB) (516μs)
  • After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (107.34KB) (1.42ms)
  • Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.57KB) (26μs)
  • After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (2MB) (12.58ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:1821 name:com_content.article.942) (66.65KB) (222μs)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:1821 name:com_content.article.942) (8.72KB) (109μs)
  • afterRenderComponent com_content (275.42KB) (15.08ms)
  • afterDispatch (2.28KB) (107μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder (Search Module) (1.52MB) (16.44ms)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_finder (Search Module) (279.35KB) (3.93ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_finder (Search Module) (720B) (8μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_finder (Search Module) (1.28KB) (98μs)
  • afterRender (9.8MB) (664ms)
  • 1 x afterRender (9.8MB) (89.53%)
    663.82ms
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder (Search Module) (1.52MB) (2.22%)
    16.44ms
    1 x afterRenderComponent com_content (275.42KB) (2.03%)
    15.08ms
    1 x afterInitialise (809.82KB) (1.97%)
    14.58ms
    1 x After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (2MB) (1.7%)
    12.58ms
    1 x afterRoute (544.34KB) (1.34%)
    9.90ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_finder (Search Module) (279.35KB) (0.53%)
    3.93ms
    1 x After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (107.34KB) (0.19%)
    1.42ms
    1 x afterLoad (458.66KB) (0.19%)
    1.42ms
    1 x beforeRenderComponent com_content (34.19KB) (0.13%)
    949μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.46KB) (0.07%)
    516μs
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:1821 name:com_content.article.942) (66.65KB) (0.03%)
    222μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:1821 name:com_content.article.942) (8.72KB) (0.01%)
    109μs
    1 x afterDispatch (2.28KB) (0.01%)
    107μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_finder (Search Module) (1.28KB) (0.01%)
    98μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.57KB) (0%)
    26μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_finder (Search Module) (720B) (0%)
    8μs
32 statements were executed, 3 of which were duplicates, 29 unique24.52ms396.05KB
  • SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode;138μs968B/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:334Copy
  • SELECT `data` FROM `facv2_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?235μs1008BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:261Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `facv2_session` WHERE `session_id` = :session_id LIMIT 1136μs1.3KBParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:187Copy
  • INSERT INTO `facv2_session` (`session_id`,`guest`,`time`,`userid`,`username`,`client_id`) VALUES (:session_id, :guest, :time, :user_id, :username, :client_id)1.52ms944BParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:260Copy
  • SELECT `extension_id` AS `id`,`element` AS `option`,`params`,`enabled` FROM `facv2_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'component' AND `state` = 0 AND `enabled` = 1546μs1.61KB/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:399Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`rules` FROM `facv2_viewlevels`149μs656B/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:955Copy
  • SELECT `b`.`id` FROM `facv2_usergroups` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `facv2_usergroups` AS `b` ON `b`.`lft` <= `a`.`lft` AND `b`.`rgt` >= `a`.`rgt` WHERE `a`.`id` = :guest214μs1.33KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:868Copy
  • SELECT `folder` AS `type`,`element` AS `name`,`params` AS `params`,`extension_id` AS `id` FROM `facv2_extensions` WHERE `enabled` = 1 AND `type` = 'plugin' AND `state` IN (0,1) AND `access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) ORDER BY `ordering`1.09ms3.48KBParams/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:294Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`menutype`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`alias`,`m`.`note`,`m`.`link`,`m`.`type`,`m`.`level`,`m`.`language`,`m`.`browserNav`,`m`.`access`,`m`.`params`,`m`.`home`,`m`.`img`,`m`.`template_style_id`,`m`.`component_id`,`m`.`parent_id`,`m`.`path` AS `route`,`e`.`element` AS `component` FROM `facv2_menu` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `facv2_extensions` AS `e` ON `m`.`component_id` = `e`.`extension_id` WHERE ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `m`.`parent_id` > 0 AND `m`.`client_id` = 0) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :currentDate1)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :currentDate2) ORDER BY `m`.`lft`1.52ms133.17KBParams/libraries/src/Menu/SiteMenu.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `facv2_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `facv2_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`609μs3.88KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `id` FROM `facv2_content` WHERE `alias` = :alias AND `catid` = :catid246μs1.34KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:263Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`home`,`template`,`s`.`params`,`inheritable`,`parent` FROM `facv2_template_styles` AS `s` LEFT JOIN `facv2_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `s`.`template` AND `e`.`type` = 'template' AND `e`.`client_id` = `s`.`client_id` WHERE `s`.`client_id` = 0 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1390μs880B/administrator/components/com_templates/src/Model/StyleModel.php:773Copy
  • SELECT s.id, s.template, s.home, s.title AS long_title, s.params FROM facv2_template_styles AS s WHERE s.client_id = 0 AND s.template = 'rt_ambrosia' ORDER BY s.id257μs800B/libraries/gantry5/src/classes/Gantry/Joomla/StyleHelper.php:69Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `facv2_languages` WHERE `published` = 1 ORDER BY `ordering` ASC218μs1.59KB/libraries/src/Language/LanguageHelper.php:142Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `facv2_assets` WHERE `name` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9,:preparedArray10,:preparedArray11,:preparedArray12,:preparedArray13,:preparedArray14,:preparedArray15,:preparedArray16,:preparedArray17,:preparedArray18,:preparedArray19,:preparedArray20,:preparedArray21,:preparedArray22,:preparedArray23,:preparedArray24,:preparedArray25,:preparedArray26,:preparedArray27,:preparedArray28,:preparedArray29,:preparedArray30,:preparedArray31,:preparedArray32,:preparedArray33,:preparedArray34,:preparedArray35,:preparedArray36,:preparedArray37,:preparedArray38,:preparedArray39)975μs7.44KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:357Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `facv2_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 06ms181.48KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `facv2_content`937μs3.02KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:625Copy
  • UPDATE `facv2_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '942'1.33ms48B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1325Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `facv2_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `facv2_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `facv2_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `facv2_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `facv2_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `facv2_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)533μs22.13KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `facv2_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `facv2_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`663μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `facv2_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `facv2_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)332μs3.97KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `facv2_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `facv2_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`638μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM facv2_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `facv2_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN facv2_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN facv2_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN facv2_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN facv2_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `facv2_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform ORDER BY a.ordering ASC1.27ms4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `facv2_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `facv2_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`635μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`menutype`,`a`.`title` FROM `facv2_menu_types` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`client_id` = 0173μs608B/libraries/gantry5/src/classes/Gantry/Framework/Menu.php:138Copy
  • SELECT m.id, m.alias, m.path AS route, m.level, m.parent_id FROM facv2_menu AS m WHERE m.menutype = 'mainmenu' AND m.parent_id > 0 AND m.client_id = 0 AND m.published >= 0 ORDER BY m.lft634μs1.98KB/libraries/gantry5/src/classes/Gantry/Framework/Menu.php:791Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `facv2_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `facv2_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `facv2_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`559μs1.83KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:51Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `facv2_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1302μs656B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `facv2_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)181μs584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `facv2_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1220μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:466Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `facv2_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?225μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:291Copy
  • UPDATE `facv2_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?1.65ms592BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:318Copy